Surface structure

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In the field of linguistics, specifically in syntax, surface structure (abbreviated 'SS' and often called 'S-structure') refers to the mental representation of a linguistic expression, derived from deep structure by transformational rules.

Surface structure consists of the symbols that are used and their order.

In engineering, a surface structure is a structural element that is able to transfer loads primarily through membrane stresses. Rigid surface structures are also called rigid shells; flexible surface structures include mechanically or pneumatically pre-stressed membranes.

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