August 13
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August 13 in recent years
August 13 is the 225th day of the year (226th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 140 days remaining until the end of the year.
[edit] Events
3114 BC - According to the Lounsbury correlation, the start of the Maya calendar. 1326 - Aradia de Toscano, according to legend/folklore, is initiated into a Dianic witchcraft cult and subsequently founds the tradition of Stregheria, later known as the Malandanti. 1415 - Hundred Years' War: Henry V of England lands at Chef-en-Caux, France with 8000 men. 1516 - The Treaty of Noyon between France and Spain is signed. Francis recognises Charles's claim to Naples, and Charles recognises Francis's claim to Milan. 1521 - Tenochtitlán (present day Mexico City) falls to conquistador Hernán Cortés. 1536 - Buddhist monks from KyÅto's Enryaku Temple set fire to 21 Nichiren temples throughout Kyoto in the Tenbun Hokke Disturbance. (Traditional Japanese date: July 27, 1536). 1553 - Michael Servetus is arrested by John Calvin in Geneva as a heretic. 1704 - War of the Spanish Succession: Battle of Blenheim - English and Austrians victorious over French and Bavarians. 1814 - The Convention of London, a treaty between the United Kingdom and the United Provinces, is signed in London. 1913 - Otto Witte, an acrobat, is purportedly crowned King of Albania. 1913 - Invention of stainless steel by Harry Brearley. 1918 - Women enlist in the United States Marine Corps for the first time. Opha Mae Johnson is the first woman to enlist. 1918 - Bayerische Motoren Werke AG (BMW) established as a public company in Germany. 1920 - Polish-Soviet War: Battle of Warsaw begins, lasts till August 25. The Red Army is defeated. 1937 - Battle of Shanghai begins. 1940 - World War II: Battle of Britain begins - the Luftwaffe launches a series of attacks on British fighter bases and radar installations. 1954 - Radio Pakistan broadcasts the National Anthem of Pakistan for the first time. 1960 - The Central African Republic declares independence from France. 1961 - The German Democratic Republic closes the border between the eastern and western sectors of Berlin, to thwart its inhabitants' attempts to escape to the West. 1968 - Alexandros Panagoulis attempts to assassinate the Greek dictator Colonel G. Papadopoulos in Varkiza, Athens. 1979 - The roof of the uncompleted Rosemont Horizon near Chicago, Illinois collapses, killing 5 workers and injuring 16. 1996 - Marc Dutroux, his wife Michelle Martin, and Michel Lelièvre are arrested on suspicion of kidnapping. All are found guilty on June 22, 2004, with sentences of life, 30, and 25 years, respectively. 1997 - South Park's first episode is aired. 2004 - Hurricane Charley, a Category 4 storm, strikes Punta Gorda, Florida and devastates the surrounding area. 2004 - Black Friday crackdown by NSS on a peaceful protest in the capital city of Maldives, Malé. 2004 - 156 Congolese Tutsi refugees massacred at the Gatumba refugee camp in Burundi.
[edit] Births
582 - Arnulf of Metz, French bishop and saint (d. 640) 1311 - King Alfonso XI of Castile and Leon (d. 1350) 1584 - Theophilus Howard, 2nd Earl of Suffolk, English politician (d. 1640) 1625 - Rasmus Bartholin, Danish physician, mathematician, and physicist (d. 1698) 1662 - Charles Seymour, 6th Duke of Somerset, English politician (d. 1748) 1666 - William Wotton, English scholar (d. 1727) 1700 - Heinrich, count von Brühl, German statesman (d. 1763) 1717 - Louis François I, Prince of Conti, French military leader (d. 1776) 1752 - Marie Caroline of Austria, queen of the Two Sicilies (d. 1814) 1764 - Louis Baraguey d'Hilliers, French general (d. 1816) 1790 - William Wentworth, Australian explorer and politician (d. 1872) 1792 - Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen, Queen consort of William IV of the United Kingdom (d. 1849) 1803 - Vladimir Odoevsky, Russian philosopher and writer (d. 1869) 1814 - Anders Jonas Ã…ngström, Swedish physicist (d. 1874) 1818 - Lucy Stone, American suffragette (d. 1893) 1819 - George Gabriel Stokes, Irish physicist (d. 1903) 1820 - Sir George Grove, English music historian (d. 1900) 1823 - Goldwin Smith, English-born historian and journalist (d. 1910) 1841 - Johnny Mullagh, Australian First Class cricketer (d. 1891) 1851 - Felix Adler, German-born educator (d. 1933) 1860 - Annie Oakley, American sharpshooter (d. 1926) 1866 - Giovanni Agnelli, Italian industrialist (d. 1945) 1872 - Richard Willstätter, German chemist, Nobel Prize Laureate (d. 1942) 1879 - John Ireland, English composer (d. 1962) 1884 - Harry Dean, England cricketer (d. 1957) 1887 - Julius Freed, American inventor and banker (d. 1952) 1888 - John Logie Baird, Scottish television pioneer (d. 1946) 1888 - Gleb W. Derujinsky, Russian-American sculptor (d. 1975) 1889 - Camillien Houde, Quebec politician, mayor of Montreal (d. 1958) 1890 - Ellen Osiier, Danish Olympic champion fencer (d. 1962) 1895 - Bert Lahr, American actor (d. 1967) 1899 - Alfred Hitchcock, English film director (d. 1980) 1902 - Felix Wankel, German engineer and inventor (d. 1988) 1904 - Charles 'Buddy' Rogers, American actor (d. 1999) 1907 - Sir Basil Spence, Scottish architect (d. 1976) 1908 - Gene Raymond, American actor (d. 1998) 1911 - William Bernbach, Famous Advertiser (d. 1982) 1912 - Ben Hogan, American golfer (d. 1997) 1912 - Salvador Luria, Italian-born biologist, Nobel Prize Laureate (d. 1991) 1913 - Fred Davis, English snooker player (d. 1998) 1913 - Makarios III, Archbishop and first President of Cyprus (d.1977) 1914 - Luis Mariano, Basque operetta singer (d. 1970) 1917 - Sid Gordon, American baseball player (d. 1975) 1918 - Frederick Sanger, English chemist, Nobel Prize Laureate 1919 - Rex Humbard, American television evangelist (d. 2007) 1919 - Sir George Shearing, British jazz pianist 1920 - Neville Brand, American actor (d. 1992) 1926 - Fidel Castro, Cuban revolutionary and politician 1930 - Don Ho, American musician (d. 2007) 1930 - Bernard Manning, English comedian (d. 2007) 1930 - Wilmer David Mizell, American baseball player (d. 1999) 1933 - Doctor Joycelyn Elders, American physician, 15th Surgeon General of the United States 1935 - Mudcat Grant, American baseball player 1935 - Rod Hull, British television entertainer (d. 1999) 1938 - Dave "Baby" Cortez, American pop keyboardist 1940 - Tony Cloninger, American baseball player 1941 - Erin Fleming, Canadian actress (d. 2003) 1944 - Divina Galica, British athlete and racing driver 1944 - Kevin Tighe, American actor 1945 - Lars Engqvist, Swedish politician 1945 - Robin Jackman, England cricketer 1947 - John Stocker, Canadian actor 1947 - Margareta Winberg, Swedish politician 1948 - Kathleen Battle, American soprano 1949 - Bobby Clarke, Canadian ice hockey player 1951 - Dan Fogelberg, American singer/songwriter (d. 2007) 1952 - Herb Ritts, American photographer (d. 2004) 1952 - Hughie Thomasson, American musician (d. 2007) 1954 - Nico Assumpção, Brazilian bass player (d. 2001) 1955 - Keith Ahlers, British racing driver 1955 - Hideo Fukuyama, Japanese racing driver 1955 - Paul Greengrass, English film director 1958 - Fergal Sharkey, musician 1958 - Randall Shughart, American Medal of Honor recipient (d. 1993) 1959 - Danny Bonaduce, American actor 1959 - Tom Niedenfuer, American baseball player 1959 - Bruce French, England cricketer 1960 - Phil Taylor, English darts player 1960 - Koji Kondo, Japanese composer 1961 - Dawnn Lewis, American actress 1961 - Stuart Maconie, English music writer and broadcaster 1961 - Tom Perrotta, American novelist 1961 - Sunil Shetty, Indian Actor, Producer 1961 - Neil Mallender, England cricketer 1963 - John Slattery, American actor 1963 - Sridevi, Indian actress 1964 - Jay Buhner, American baseball player 1964 - Hank Cheyne, American actor 1965 - Mark Lemke, American baseball player 1965 - Hayato Matsuo, Japanese composer 1966 - Shayne Corson, Canadian ice hockey player 1967 - Amélie Nothomb, Belgian writer 1969 - Midori Ito, Japanese figure skater 1970 - Will Clarke, American novelist 1970 - Elvis Grbac, American football player 1970 - Matt Hyson, American professional wrestler 1970 - Alan Shearer, English footballer 1971 - Moritz Bleibtreu, German actor 1971 - Patrick Carpentier, Quebec race car driver 1971 - Rolando Molina, Salvadoran-born actor 1972 - Kevin Plank, American entrepreneur (Under Armour) 1973 - Brittany Andrews, American pornographic actress 1973 - Molly Henneberg, American journalist 1973 - Eric Medlen, American drag racer and rodeo star (d. 2007) 1974 - Jarrod Washburn, American baseball player 1975 - Shoaib Akhtar, Pakistani cricketer 1975 - James Carpinello, American actor 1975 - Joe Perry, English snooker player 1975 - Marty Turco, Canadian ice hockey player 1977 - Michael Klim, Australian swimmer 1978 - Benjani Mwaruwari, Zimbabwean footballer 1979 - Román Colón, Dominican baseball player 1979 - Corey Patterson, American baseball player 1979 - TaizÅ Sugimura, Japanese politician 1982 - Shani Davis, American speed skater 1983 - Ales Hemsky, Czech ice hockey player 1983 - ĽubomÃr MichalÃk, Slovakian footballer 1983 - Sebastian Stan, Romanian-born actor 1984 - Niko KranjÄar, Croatian footballer 1984 - Boone Logan, American baseball player 1984 - Heath Pearce, American soccer player 1986 - Joseph Lapira, American soccer player 1992 - Katharine Close, Scripps National Spelling Bee champion
[edit] Deaths
586 - Radegund, wife of Clotaire I 900 - Zwentibold, last King of Lotharingia (b. 870) 1134 - Piroska of Hungary, Empress consort of John II Comnenus 1382 - Eleanor of Aragon, wife of John I of Castile (b. 1358) 1523 - Gerard David, Flemish painter 1617 - Johann Jakob Grynaeus, Swiss Protestant clergyman (b. 1540) 1667 - Jeremy Taylor, Irish author and bishop (b. 1613) 1686 - Louis Maimbourg, French-born historian (b. 1610) 1721 - Jacques Lelong, French bibliographer (b. 1665) 1744 - John Cruger, Dutch-born Mayor of New York (b. 1678) 1749 - Johann Elias Schlegel, German critic and poet (b. 1719) 1755 - Francesco Durante, Italian composer (b. 1684) 1826 - René Laënnec, French physician (b. 1781) 1863 - Eugène Delacroix, French painter (b. 1798) 1865 - Ignaz Semmelweis, Austro-Hungarian physician (b. 1818) 1910 - Florence Nightingale, English nurse (b. 1820) 1912 - Jules Massenet, French composer (b. 1842) 1917 - Eduard Buchner, German chemist, Nobel Prize Laureate (b. 1860) 1937 - Arthur Plunkett, Australian civil engineer (b. unknown) 1946 - H. G. Wells, English writer (b. 1866) 1948 - Elaine Hammerstein, American actress (b. 1897) 1958 - Otto Witte, acrobat and, purportedly, King of Albania (b. 1868) 1965 - Ikeda Hayato, Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1899) 1982 - Joe Tex, American singer and songwriter (b. 1933) 1984 - Tigran Petrosian, Soviet/Armenian chess player (b. 1929) 1989 - Tim Richmond, American race car driver (b. 1955) 1989 - Larkin Smith, U.S. Representative from Mississippi (b. 1944) 1991 - Jack Ryan, American designer (Barbie) (b. 1926) 1995 - Jan KÅ™esadlo, Czech-born writer (b. 1926) 1995 - Mickey Mantle, American baseball player (b. 1931) 1996 - António de SpÃnola, Portuguese general and politician, 15thPresident of Portugal (b. 1910) 1996 - David Tudor, American pianist and composer (b. 1926) 1998 - Nino Ferrer, French-Italian singer and composer (b. 1934) 1998 - Julien Green, American novelist (b. 1900) 1999 - Jaime Garzón, Colombian journalist and comedian, murdered (b. 1960) 2000 - Nazia Hassan, Pakistani pop singer (b. 1965) 2001 - Otto Stuppacher, Austrian racing driver (b. 1947) 2003 - Ed Townsend, American songwriter and producer (b. 1929) 2004 - Julia Child, American chef and television personality (b. 1912) 2005 - David Lange, 32ndPrime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1942) 2006 - Tony Jay, English actor (b. 1933) 2006 - Payao Poontarat, Thai Olympic boxer (b. 1957) 2007 - Brian Adams, aka Demolition Crush, American professional wrestler (b. 1964) 2007 - Brooke Astor, American philanthropist (b. 1902) 2007 - Yone Minagawa, Japanese woman, oldest person (114) (b. 1893) 2007 - Phil Rizzuto, American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1917) 2008 - Bill Gwatney, American political figure (b. 1959) 2008 - Dino Toso, American Formula-1 engineer (b. 1969) 2008 - Jack Weil, American oldest working CEO (b. 1901) 2008 - Sandy Allen, American tallest woman in the world (b. 1955) 2008 - Henri Cartan,French Mathematician
[edit] Holidays and observances
Roman festivals - Vertumnalia in honor of Vertumnus and Diana, on the Aventine hill. International Lefthanders Day. Laos - Lao Issara, Day of the Free Laos. In Brazil, Friday 13 August (agosto) is considered to be especially filled with sorrow (desgosto). RC saints
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Saint Cassian (Cassianus of Imola), bishop of Brescia, martyr [Brixen, Magdeburg, Ratzeburg, Regensburg, Trent], patron saint of shorthand-writers, and of Mexico City Saints Pontianus, pope, and Hippolytus, priest, martyrs Hippolytus and companions, martyrs [common] Saint John Berchmans Saint John Bosco Saint Wigbert, prior, confessor [Mainz] Saint Clare of Assisi [Paris] Saint Radegunde, Radegundis, help against the pox, virgin (sometimes also queen) [France; Paris]