1971
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Year 1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1971 Gregorian calendar.
Contents:
[edit] Events of 1971
[edit] January
January 1 - The British Divorce Reform Act comes into force. January 2 - Ibrox disaster: A stairway crush at the Rangers vs. Celtic football match in Glasgow, Scotland kills 66. January 2 - A ban on radio and television cigarette advertisements goes into effect in the United States.[1] January 3 - BBC Open University begins in the United Kingdom. January 5 - The 1st ever ODI cricket match is played between Australia & England at the M.C.G. January 8 - Tupamaros kidnap Geoffrey Jackson, British ambassador to Uruguay, in Montevideo; they keep him captive until September. January 9 - Uruguayan president Jorge Pacheco Areco demands emergency powers for 90 days due to kidnappings, and receives them the next day. January 12 - The landmark television sitcom All In The Family, starring Carroll O'Connor as Archie Bunker, debuts on CBS. January 14 - Seventy Brazilian political prisoners are released in Santiago, Chile. Giovanni Enrico Bucher is released January 16.
January 15 - The Aswan High Dam officially opens in Egypt. January 17 - The Baltimore Colts defeat the Dallas Cowboys 16-13 in Super Bowl V. The game is played at the Orange Bowl in Miami, Florida. January 18 - Strikes in Poland demand the resignation of Interior Minister Kazimierz Switala. He resigns January 23 and is replaced by Franciszek Szlachcic. January 19 - Representatives of 23 western oil companies begin negotiations with OPEC in Tehran to stabilize oil prices. February 14 they sign a treaty with 6 Persian Gulf countries. January 24 - The Guinean government sentences to death 92 Guineans who helped Portuguese troops in the failed landing attempts in November 1970; 72 are sentenced to hard labor for life; 58 of the sentenced are hanged the next day. January 25 - In Uganda, Idi Amin deposes Milton Obote, in a coup, and becomes president. January 25 - In Los Angeles, Charles Manson and three female "Family" members are found guilty of the 1969 Tate-LaBianca murders. January 25 - Himachal Pradesh becomes the 18th Indian state. January 25 - Intelsat IV (F2) is launched; it enters commercial service over the Atlantic Ocean March 26. January 31 - Apollo program: Apollo 14 (carrying astronauts Alan Shepard, Stuart Roosa, and Edgar Mitchell) lifts off on the third successful lunar landing mission.
[edit] February
February 4 - In Britain, Rolls-Royce goes bankrupt and is nationalised. February 5 - Apollo 14 lands on the Moon. February 7
The city of Tuscania, Italy, is wrecked in an earthquake. 31 die. Switzerland gives women voting rights in state elections, but not in all canton-specific ones. Władysław Gomułka is expelled from the Central Council of the Polish Communist Party.
February 8 - A new stock market index called the Nasdaq debuts. February 9
The Sylmar earthquake (6.4 on the Richter Scale) hits the San Fernando Valley area of California. Satchel Paige becomes the first Negro League player to become voted into the Baseball Hall of Fame. Apollo program: Apollo 14 returns to Earth after the third manned Moon landing.
February 11 - The US, UK, USSR and others sign the Seabed Treaty, outlawing nuclear weapons on the ocean floor. February 11-February 12 – Palestinian and Jordanian fighters clash in Amman. February 13 - Vietnam War: Backed by American air and artillery support, South Vietnamese troops invade Laos. February 15
Decimalisation Day: - The United Kingdom and Ireland both switch to decimal currency. See also decimalisation. Protesting Belgian farmers bring 3 live cows to crash the EEC meeting in Brussels.
February 16 - In Italy, a local parliament elects the city of Catanzaro as the capital of Calabria; residents of Reggio di Calabria riot for 5 days because of the decision. February 20
Fifty tornadoes rage in Mississippi, killing 74. The U.S. Emergency Broadcast System sends an erroneous warning; many radio stations just ignore it.
February 21 - The Convention on Psychotropic Substances is signed at Vienna. February 26 - Secretary General U Thant signs the United Nations proclamation of the vernal equinox as Earth Day. February 27 - Doctors in the first Dutch abortion clinic (Mildredhuis in Arnhem) start to perform abortus provocatus. February 28 - Evel Knievel sets world record and jumps 19 cars.
[edit] March
March 1
A bomb explodes in the men's room at the U.S. Capitol; the Weather Underground Organization claims responsibility. Pakistani President Agha Muhammad Yahya Khan indefinitely postpones the pending National Assembly session, precipitating massive civil disobedience in East Pakistan. Canadian John Robarts ends his term of office as the 17th Premier of Ontario.
March 4 - The southern part of Québec, and especially Montreal, receive 42 cm of snow in what became known as the Century's Snowstorm (la tempête du siècle). March 5 - The Pakistani army occupies East Pakistan. March 6 - A fire in a mental hospital at Burghölzli, Switzerland, kills 28 people. March 7
The British postal workers' strike, led by UPW General Secretary Tom Jackson, ends after 47 days. Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, political leader of the then East Pakistan delivers his great speech in the Racecourse Field in Dhaka. He called the mass to be prepared and fight for national independence.
March 8 - Boxer Joe Frazier defeats Muhammad Ali at Madison Square Garden. March 12 - Hafez al-Assad becomes president of Syria. March 12-March 13 - The Allman Brothers Band plays their legendary concert at the Fillmore East. March 16 - Trygve Bratteli forms a government in Norway. March 18 - A landslide at Chungar, Peru crashes into Lake Yanahuani, killing 200. March 23 - General Alejandro Lanusse of Argentina takes power in a military coup. March 25 - The Pakistani army starts genocide in East Pakistan from midnight, after President Agha Muhammad Yahya Khan, a military ruler, voids election results that gave the Awami League an overwhelming majority in the parliament. March 26 - East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) independence is declared by Local Awami League Leader Hannan Sarker on behalf of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman from Kalurghat Radio Station, Chittagong. March 27 - East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) independence is repeatedly declared by Army Major (later President of Bangladesh) Ziaur Rahman on behalf of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman from Kalurghat Radio Station, Chittagong. March 28 - The Ed Sullivan Show airs its final episode. March 29
U.S. Army Lieutenant William Calley is found guilty of 22 murders in the My Lai massacre and sentenced to life in prison (later pardoned). A Los Angeles, California jury recommends the death penalty for Charles Manson and 3 female followers.
[edit] April
April 1 - The United Kingdom lifts all restrictions on gold ownership. April 3 - Un banc, un arbre, une rue by Séverine (music by Jean-Pierre Bourtayre, text by Yves Dessca) wins the Eurovision Song Contest 1971 for Monaco. April 5
In Ceylon, a group calling themselves the People’s Liberation Front begin a rebellion against the Bandaranaike government. Chile and East Germany establish diplomatic relations. Mount Etna erupts.
April 7 - Greece releases 261 political prisoners, 50 of which are sent to internal exile. April 8 - A right-wing coup attempt is exposed in Laos. April 9 - Charles Manson is sentenced to death; in 1972, the sentence for all California Death Row inmates is commuted to life imprisonment. April 12 - Palestinians retreat from Amman to the north of Jordan. April 17
People's Republic of Bangladesh forms, under Sheikh Mujibur Rahman at Mujibnagor. Libya, Syria and Egypt sign an agreement to form a confederation.
April 19
The government of Bangladesh flees to India. Sierra Leone becomes a republic. The Soviet Union launches Salyut 1. Followers of Charles Manson, the Manson Family, are sentenced to the gas chamber.
April 20
Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education: The Supreme Court of the United States rules unanimously that busing of students may be ordered to achieve racial desegregation. Cambodian Prime Minister Lon Nol resigns, but remains effectively in power until the next elections.
April 21
Siaka Stevens is elected the first president of Sierra Leone. François Duvalier, president of Haiti, dies; his son Jean-Claude Duvalier follows him as president-for-life.
April 24
Soyuz 10 docks with Salyut 1.
April 25
Five hundred thousand people in Washington, DC and 125,000 in San Francisco march in protest against the Vietnam War.
A tsunami 85 m high rises over the Ryukyu Islands in Japan. It throws a 750-ton block of coral 2.5 km inland.Todor Zhivkov is re-elected as the leader of the Bulgarian Communist Party. Franz Jonas is re-elected as chancellor of Austria.
April 26 - The government of Turkey declares a state of siege in 11 provinces, Ankara included, due to violent demonstrations. April 28 - The first number of Il Manifesto is issued in Italy. April 29 - Bolivia nationalizes the American-owned zinc mine of Matilde.[edit] May
May 1
Amtrak begins inter-city rail passenger service in the United States. The Ceylonese government promises amnesty for those guerillas who surrender before April 5.
May 2 - In Ceylon, left-wing guerillas launch a series of assaults against public buildings. May 3
The Harris Poll claims that 60% of Americans are against the Vietnam War. East German leader Walter Ulbricht resigns as Communist Party leader but retains the position of head of state. Anti-war militants attempt to disrupt government business in Washington, D.C.; police and military units arrest as many as 12,000, most of whom are later released.
May 5 - The US dollar floods the European currency markets and threatens especially the Deutsche Mark; the central banks of Austria, Belgium, Netherlands and Switzerland stop the currency trading. May 6 - The Ceylon government begins a major offensive against the People's Liberation Front. May 9 - Mariner 8 fails to launch. May 12 - An earthquake in Turkey destroys most of the city of Burdur. May 15 - Efraim Elrom, Israeli ambassador to Turkey, is kidnapped; he is found killed in Istanbul May 25. May 16 - A coup attempt is exposed and foiled in Egypt. May 19 - Mars probe program: Mars 2 is launched by the Soviet Union. May 22 - An earthquake lasting 20 seconds destroys most of Bingöl, Turkey - more than 1,000 are killed, 10,000 made homeless. May 23 - An air crash at Rijeka Airport, Yugoslavia kills 78 people, mostly British tourists.Austria and the People's Republic of China establish diplomatic relations. Qantas agrees to pay $500,000 to bomb hoaxer-extortionist Mr. Brown (Peter Macari) who is later arrested.
May 27
Six armed passengers hijack a Romanian passenger plane and force it to fly to Vienna. Christie's auctions a diamond known as Deepdene; it is later found to be artificially colored.
May 28 - Portugal resigns from UNESCO. May 30 - Mariner program: Mariner 9 is launched toward Mars. May 31 - The birth of Bangladesh is declared by the government in exile, in territory formerly part of Pakistan.[edit] June
Massachusetts passes its Chapter 766 laws enacting Special Education. June 1 - Vietnam War: Vietnam Veterans for a Just Peace, claiming to represent the majority of U.S. veterans who served in Southeast Asia, speak against war protests. June 6
Soyuz program: Soyuz 11 (Vladislav Volkov, Georgi Dobrovolski, Viktor Patsayev) is launched. A midair collision between Hughes Airwest Flight 706 Douglas DC-9 jetliner and a U.S. Marine Corps McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom jet fighter near Duarte, California, claims 50 lives.
June 10
The U.S. ends its trade embargo of China. (Corpus Thursday): A student rally on the streets of Mexico City is roughly dispersed.
June 13
Vietnam War: The New York Times begins to publish the Pentagon Papers. [1]. Gijs van Lennep wins the 24 hours of Le Mans together with Helmut Marko.
June 14 - Norway begins oil production in the North Sea. June 17 - Representatives of Japan and the United States sign the Okinawa Reversion Agreement, whereby the U.S. will return control of Okinawa.[2] June 18 - Southwest Airlines, the most successful low cost carrier in history begins its first flights between Dallas, Houston, And San Antonio. June 20 - Britain announces that Soviet space scientist Anatoli Fedoseyev has been granted asylum. June 21 - Britain begins new negotiations for EEC membership in Luxembourg. June 25 - Madagascar accuses the U.S. of being connected to the plot to oust the current government – the U.S. recalls its ambassador. June 27 - Concert promoter Bill Graham closes the legendary Fillmore East, which first opened on 2nd Avenue (between 5th and 6th Streets) in New York City on March 8, 1968. June 28 - Assassin Jerome A. Johnson shoots Joe Colombo in the head in a middle of an Italian-American rally, putting him in a coma. June 30
After a successful mission aboard Salyut 1, the world's first manned space station, the crew of the Soyuz 11 spacecraft are killed when their air supply leaks out through a faulty valve. New York Times Co. v. United States: The U.S. Supreme Court rules that the Pentagon Papers may be published, rejecting government injunctions as unconstitutional prior restraint.