Unicode
From Wikibooks, the open-content textbooks collection
Current Status: 
The objective of this book is to maintain a reference to Unicode encoding and anything related to Unicode specification.
This book is necessary because, although the articles here about Unicode reference were removed from wikipedia and wikisource, this standard is widely used by IT technologies and a reference is very necessary.
[edit] Introduction
Unicode is an industry standard whose goal is to provide the means by which text of all forms and languages can be encoded for use by computers through a single character set. Originally, text-characters were represented in computers using byte-wide data: each printable character (and many non-printing, or "control" characters) were implemented using a single byte each, which allowed for 256 characters total. However, globalization has created a need for computers to be able to accommodate many different alphabets (and other writing systems) from around the world in an interchangeable way.
The old codes included ASCII or EBCDIC, but it was apparent that they were not capable of handling all the different characters and alphabets from around the world. The solution to this problem created a set of "wide" 16-bit characters able to accommodate most international language characters, known as Unicode.
