Agape Out of Context
In a recent post, I noted the insightful and intelligent book by Yale surgeon and author Sherwin B. Nuland entitled The Art of Aging. As I noted there, Nuland considers himself a nonbeliever, a skeptic of sorts. Yet, I am happy to report that Nuland seems to enjoy reading the New Testament. Here is an example from his discussion of wisdom as requiring us to care for others:
This is precisely what Saint Paul must have meant by the ringing words in chapter 13 in I Corinthians, when he said that agapé, in the original Greek, is greater even than faith and hope. Agapé refers to a kind of wondrous love, which the authors of the Vulgate properly translated into the Latin caritas, best defined as a "caring love" that puts aside petty self-interest. Saint Paul's magnificent words epitomize much of what has already appeared in the present and earlier chapters of this book: "And now abideth faith, hope and caritas, these three; but the greatest of these is caritas." Where there is no caritas, there can be no wisdom.
Nuland, p. 263.
Of course, everyone loves chapter 13 of First Corinthians, even couples in marriage ceremonies who may have no firm idea of who the Holy Spirit even is. As readers of this blog have heard repeatedly, 1 Corinthians 13 is part of a set of instructions by Paul on how to exercise the charismatic gifts. It is silly and misleading to take chapter 13 out of the context of chapters 12 and 14 discussing the charismatic gifts distributed by the Holy Spirit. What is assumed throughout by Paul is that those who are called to agape and are empowered to exercise agape are followers of Jesus who proclaim Jesus as their Lord. What is further assumed is that those followers have received an outpouring of the Holy Spirit and of his charismatic gifts. What Paul is teaching in chapter 13 is that the exercise of those gifts apart from agape will not be of any benefit to the recipients of those gifts. The charismatic gifts are aimed at building up others, but they also build up the recipient himself of the gift who exercises the gift in agape. That's the undisputed biblical context. 1 Corinthians 13 is not just a free standing series of sayings that are aimed at people who are not Christian or do not have a relationship with the Holy Spirit or have never received the gifts of the Holy Spirit. If 1 Corinthians 13 was just a free-standing invitation set apart from the work of the Holy Spirit, then its eulogy of agape would be just one more set of "inspirational" readings that we could wistfully admire but never really put into practice. Read it at the wedding ceremony, then go back to the real world.
The attractive wisdom of 1 Corinthians 13 should lead the inquiring mind to track down the origins of this blessedly counterintuitive call to caring. What could have led or inspired Paul to write this exultant paean of praise to agape in the midst of a brutal ancient world which had crucified Jesus, the preacher of agape? As Christians know, the Holy Spirit inspired Paul to write those words--the same Holy Spirit by whose power Jesus was raised from the dead (see Catechism of the Catholic Church, section 648; Romans 1:4). Paul was rejoicing in the Holy Spirit as he exultantly and exuberantly praised agape. Paul was actually exercising a charismatic gift as he wrote those words: the charismatic gift of "utterance or word of wisdom" by which the Holy Spirit inspires the Christian to pronounce and communicate theological wisdom. That charismatic gift is specifically listed in 1 Corinthians 12:8. (Of course, in addition, the Church has discerned that what Paul uttered as an Apostle is uniquely distinctive, normative, and authoritative and so is part of the biblical canon.) It is amazing how we readers ignore the obvious setting of Paul's remarks because those gifts may not be part of our lives or even of our Christian experience. But honesty and fidelity to the divinely inspired text requires not "bracketing out" the unfamiliar context, however embarrassing that unfamiliarity may be, even to Christians.
Blessed is Sherwin Nuland for recognizing the great wisdom in 1 Corinthians 13. More blessed will Nuland and the rest of us be when we recognize the One who inspired Paul to utter that wisdom charismatically: the Holy Spirit "because God's love [agape] has been poured into our hearts through the Holy Spirit who has been given to us" (Romans 5:5; RSV).
Analysis: Aging


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